Fluid intake, hydration status and body mass changes in u-15 judo athletes during a training day
Hydration in young judoists
Abstract
Despite numerous studies related to dehydration there is still a lack of scientific literature presenting hydration status and fluid intake of judo athletes during different periods. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate, fluid intake, hydration status and body weight changes of young judo athletes during a typical day of training in preparation period. Twenty-two young judo athletes (age: 12 ±0.7 y, experience: 3.5 ±1.1) voluntarily participated in this study. Hydration status and weight were examined in the morning, before and immediately after the training. All athletes trained 90 min and they consumed fluids ad libitum during the exercise. According to morning urine specific gravity (USG) values, 81.2% of the athletes were dehydrated while only 18.8% of the athletes were euhydrated. Pre-training urine measurements showed that 63.64% of the athletes presented dehydration and 77.27% of the athletes completed the training in dehydrated condition despite fluid availability during the training. Mean body weight loss during training was -0.64±0.66%. It can be concluded that young judo athletes presented high prevalence of dehydration as indicated by USG values. Most of the athletes were dehydrated during a typical training day and completed the training in more dehydrated conditions compared to pre training values despite ad libitum fluid intake. It is of great importance to evaluate hydration status of the athletes before training to refrain from common practice of fluid restriction for weight loss and adverse effects of a persistent state of fluid deficit on physical and health related state.
References
Artioli, G. G.; Gualano, B.; Franchini, E.; Scagliusi, F. B.; Takesian, M.; Fuchs, M.; LanchaJunior, A. H. Prevalence, magnitude, and methods of rapid weight loss among judo competitors. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. Vol.42. Num. 3. 2010. p. 436-442.
Armstrong, L. E.; Herrera Soto, J. A.; Hacker Junior, F. T.; Casa, D. J.; Kavouras, S. A.; Maresh, C. M. Urinary indices during dehydration, exercise, and rehydration.International Journal of Sport Nutrition. Vol. 8. Num. 4. 1998. p. 345-355.
Arnaoutis, G. Kavouras, S. A.; Stratakis, N.; Likka, M.; Mitrakou, A.; Papamichael, C.; Stamatelopoulos, K. The effect of hypohydration on endothelial function in young healthy adults.European Journal of Nutrition. Vol. 56. Num. 3. 2017. p. 1211-1217.
Baker, L. B.; Conroy, D. E.; Kenney, W. L. Dehydration impairs vigilance-related attentionin male basketball players. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. Vol. 39. Num. 6. 2007a. p. 976-983.
Baker, L. B.; Dougherty K. A.; Chow M.; Kenney W. L. Progressive dehydration causes a progressive decline in basketball skill performance. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. Vol. 39 Num. 7. 2007b. p. 1114-1123.
Bar‐David, Y. A. I. R.; Urkin, J.; Kozminsky, E. L. Y. The effect of voluntary dehydration on cognitive functions of elementary school children. Acta Paediatrica. Vol. 94. Num. 1. 2005. p. 1667-1673.
Carroll, H. A.;Betts, J. A.;Johnson, L. An investigation into the relationship between plain water intake and glycated Hb (HbA1c): a sex-stratified, cross-sectional analysis of the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (2008-2012).British Journal of Nutrition. Vol. 116. Num. 10. 2016. p. 1770-1780.
Casa, D. J.; Stearns, R. L.; Lopez, R. M.; Ganio, M. S.; McDermott, B. P.; Walker Yeargin, S.; Maresh, C. M. Influence of hydration on physiological function and performance during trail running in the heat.Journal of Athletic Training. Vol. 45. Num. 2. 2010. p.147-156.
-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Hyperthermia and dehydration-related deaths associated with intentional rapid weight loss in three collegiate wrestlers-North Carolina, Wisconsin, and Michigan, November-December 1997.MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Vol. 47. Num. 6. 1998. p. 105.
-Ceylan, B.; Akgül, M. Ş.; Gürses, V. V.; Baydil, B.; Aydos, L. Monitoring Hydration Status of Elite Judo Athletes During a Competition Day.T urkish Journal of Sport and Exercise. Vol. 22. Num. 1. 2020. p. 150-153.
Cheuvront, S. N.; Kenefick, R. W. Dehydration: physiology, assessment, and performance effects. Compr Physiol. Vol.4. Num.1. 2014. p. 257-285.
Cheuvront, S. N.; Carter,R.;Sawka M. N. Fluid balance and endurance exercise performance. Curr. Sports Med Rep. Vol. 2. Num. 4. 2003. p. 208.
Cheuvront, S. N.; Sawka, M. N. Hydration assessment of athletes. Sports Sci Exchange. Vol. 18. Num. 2. 2005. p. 1-6.
Cian, C.;B arraud, P. A.; Melin, B.; Raphel, C. Effects of fluid ingestion on cognitive function after heat stress or exercise-induced dehydration. International Journal of Psychophysiology. Vol.42. Num. 3. 2001. p. 243-251.
Cian, C.; Koulmann, N.; Barraud, P. A.; Raphel, C.; Jimenez, C.; Melin, B. Influences of variations in body hydration on cognitive function: Effect of hyperhydration, heat stress, and exercise-induced dehydration. Journal of Psychophysiology. Vol. 14. Num. 1. 2000. p. 29.
Costill, D. L.; Cote, R.; Fink, W. Muscle water and electrolytes following varied levels of dehydration in man. J Appl Physiol. Vol. 40. Num. 1. 1976. p. 6-11.
Edwards, A. M.; Mann, M. E.; Marfell-Jones, M. J.; Rankin, D. M.; Noakes, T. D.; Shillington, D. P. Influence of moderate dehydration on soccer performance: physiological responses to 45 min of outdoor match-play and the immediate subsequent performance of sport-specific and mental concentration tests. British Journal of Sports Medicine. Vol. 41. Num. 6. 2007. p. 385-391.
Fadda, R.; Rapinett, G.; Grathwohl, D.; Parisi, M.; Fanari, R.; Calò, C. M.; Schmitt, J. Effects of drinking supplementary water at school on cognitiveperformance in children.Appetite. Vol. 59. Num. 3. 2012. p. 730-737.
Franchini, E.; Branco, B. M.; Agostinho, M. F.; Calmet, M.; Candau, R. Influence of linear and undulating strength periodization on physical fitness, physiological, and performanceresponses to simulated judo matches. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. Vol.29. Num. 2. 2015. p. 358-367.
Ftaiti, F.; Grélot, L.; Coudreuse, J. M.; Nicol, C. Combined effect of heat stress, dehydration and exercise on neuromuscular function in humans. European Journal of Applied Physiology. Vol. 84. Num. 1-2. 2001. p. 87-94.
Gürses, V. V.; Ceylan, B.; Sakir, M.; Baydil, B.; Al Hussein, H.; Badau, D. Dehydration and Acute Weight Gain of Athletes Before Sport Competitions. Revista de Chimie. Vol. 69. Num. 11. 2018. p. 4096-4098.
Hoffman, J. Physiological aspects of sport training and performance. Human Kinetics. 2014.
Hoffman, J. R.; Stavsky, H.; Folk, B. The effect of water restriction on anaerobic power andvertical jumping height in basketball players. International Journal of Sports Medicine. Vol.16. Num. 04. 2014. p. 214-218.
; Hopkins (2019) http://www.sportsci.org/resource/stats/index.html (accessed: May 2019).
Jose, G. A.; Mora-Rodriguez, R.; Below, P. R.; Coyle, E. F. Dehydration markedly impairs cardiovascular function in hyperthermic endurance athletes during exercise.Journal of Applied Physiology. Vol. 82. Num. 4. 1997. p. 1229-1236.
Judelson, D. A.; Maresh, C. M.; Anderson, J. M.; Armstrong, L. E.; Casa, D. J.; Kraemer, W. J.; Volek, J. S. Hydration and muscular performance. Sports Medicine. Vol.37. Num. 10. 2007. p. 907-921.
Kavouras, S. A. Assessing hydration status.Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care. Vol. 5. Num. 5. 2002. p. 519-524.
Meyer, F.; Szygula, Z.; Wilk, B. Fluid balance, hydration, and athletic performance. CRC Press. 2016.
Osterberg, K. L.; Horswill, C. A.; Baker, L. B. Pregame urine specific gravity and fluid intake by National Basketball Association players during competition.Journal of Athletic Training. Vol.44. Num.1. 2009. p. 53-57.
Palmer, M. S.; Spriet, L. L. Sweat rate, salt loss, and fluid intake during an intense on-ice practice in elite Canadian male juniorhockey players.Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism. Vol.33. Num. 2. 2008. p. 263-271.
Pettersson, S.; Berg, C. M. Hydration status in elite wrestlers, judokas, boxers, and taekwondo athletes on competition day. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. Vol. 24. Num. 3. 2014. p. 267-275.
Popowski, L. A.; Oppliger, R. A.; Lambert, G. P.; Johnson, R. F.; Johnson, A. K.; Gisolfi, C. V. Blood and urinary measures of hydration status during progressive acute dehydration.Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. Vol. 33. Num. 5. 2001. p. 747-753.
Rivera-Brown, A. M.; Félix-Dávila, R. A. Hydration status in adolescent judo athletes before and after training in the heat. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. Vol. 7. Num. 1. 2012. p. 39-46.
Sawka, M. N.; Burke, L. M.; Eichner, E. R.; Maughan, R. J.; Montain, S. J.; Stachenfeld, N. S. American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Exercise and fluid replacement. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. Vol.39. Num. 2. 2007. p. 377-390.
Stefanovsky, M.; Clarys, P.; Cierna, D.; Matejova, L. Hydration status of youth Judo athletes during an off-season training camp. Ido Movement for Culture. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology. Vol.19. Num. 3. 2019. p. 56-62.
Torres-Luque, G.; Hernández-García, R.; Escobar-Molina, R.; Garatachea, N.; Nikolaidis, P. Physical and physiological characteristics of judo athletes: an update. Sports. Vol.4. Num. 1. 2016. p. 20.
Copyright (c) 2021 RBNE - Revista Brasileira de Nutrição Esportiva
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain the copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License BY-NC which allows the sharing of the work with acknowledgment of the authorship of the work and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are authorized to enter into additional contracts separately for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (eg, publishing in institutional repository or book chapter), with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are allowed and encouraged to post and distribute their work online (eg, in institutional repositories or on their personal page) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this can bring about productive change as well as increase impact and impact. citation of published work (See The Effect of Free Access).
