Clinical effectiveness of BCAA, L-Carnitine, Creatine, Glutamine and HMB supplementation: An evidence map
Abstract
Introduction: The hypertrophy and maintenance of muscle tissue is a constant search in different population scenarios. Physical training and nutrition are key to achieving such gains, including supplementation. Objective: to evaluate the effects of supplementation with BCAA or essential amino acids, Creatine, L-Carnitine, Glutamine and HMB on muscle mass gain, strength and performance in different conditions and population groups. Materials and methods: search for articles in the PubMed and Virtual Health Library databases, including systematic review articles. Data from the interventions performed, possible outcomes (muscle mass, strength and performance) and population data were obtained. Results: 48 articles were included. The assessed population consisted predominantly of adults and elderly of both sexes, addressing sarcopenia, chronic diseases or healthy individuals. The intervention with supplementation was combined or isolated, being associated or not with physical activity. Outcomes were gain in muscle mass, strength or endurance/performance. Regarding the increase in muscle mass, 57 different interventions were identified, with 43 cases (75%) associated with a positive or potentially positive effect. Still, 39 interventions evaluated muscle strength and endurance, and 29 had positive or potentially positive effects (74%). Conclusion: Defining effects, dose, combination of supplements is important for each population group. There is a need for a better definition of the evaluated population, through the analysis of the inflammatory profile of the individuals, intestinal microbiota, basal metabolism rate at rest, maximum strength and maximum VO2, hormone levels, ethnicities, comorbidities, eating habits, activity history physics, among others.
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