Evaluation of body composition and food profile in boxing athletes

  • Matheus Dias Mendes Faculdade de Minas FAMINAS-BH
  • Gustavo Braz Malaquias Faculdade de Minas FAMINAS-BH
  • Marcio Leandro Ribeiro de Souza Faculdade de Minas FAMINAS-BH https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1517-4516
Keywords: Boxing, Anthropometry, Body composition, Food profile, Sports nutrition

Abstract

Boxing is divided into categories according to their weight, to minimize the differences exerted by the weight on strength and speed. Drastic changes in body composition are frequently practiced in this modality, and strategies of food restriction and severe dehydration are practiced by these athletes. Therefore, the objective of this study was to carry out an assessment of the food profile and body composition in boxing athletes. This is a cross-sectional study, in which 14 male athletes were evaluated, with a mean age of 24.9 ± 6.3 years. In anthropometry, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), arm and waist circumferences, as well as skinfolds thickness were measured. To assess the food profile, three 24-hour recalls were applied, and the average of the three days was used. The average BMI was 27.4 ±6.0 kg/m2 and the average fat percentage was 15.7 ±8.8%. The average caloric intake was 1960.7 ±528.0 kcal/day, the protein intake was 1.5 ±0.5 g/kg/day, and the carbohydrate consumption was 2.81 ±1.5 g/kg/day. Regarding micronutrients, most athletes (>50%) had an insufficient consumption of fibers, calcium, magnesium, potassium, selenium, and vitamins A, B9, B2, B6, C, D and E. This study appears as one of the first to evaluate the dietary profile and body composition in boxing athletes, helping to understand their nutritional needs, aiming to preserve health and enhance sports performance in all phases of training in this sport.

Author Biographies

Matheus Dias Mendes, Faculdade de Minas FAMINAS-BH

Graduated in Nutrition from the Faculty of Mines FAMINAS-BH

Gustavo Braz Malaquias, Faculdade de Minas FAMINAS-BH

Graduated in Nutrition from the Faculty of Mines FAMINAS-BH

Marcio Leandro Ribeiro de Souza, Faculdade de Minas FAMINAS-BH

PhD from the Federal University of Minas Gerais. Professor in the Nutrition course at Faculdade de Minas FAMINAS-BH.

References

Ainsworth, B.E.; Haskell, W.L.; Leon, A.S.; Jacobs, D.R.; Montoye, H.J.; Sallis, J.F.; Paffenbarger Jr, R.S. Compendium of physical activities: classification of energy costs of human physical activities.Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. Vol. 25. Num. 1. 1993. p. 71-80.

Almeida, W.D. Boxe: os atletas e a “luta” olimpismo x profissionalismo. Vozes, Pretérito & Devir: Revista de história da UESPI. Vol. 5. Num. 1. 2016. p. 200-219.

Andreato, L.V.; Santos, J.F.; Esteves, J.V.; Panissa, V.L.; Julio, U.F.; Franchini, E. Physiological, Nutritional 4and Performance Profiles of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Athletes. Journal of Human Kinetics. Vol. 53. 2016. p. 261-271.

Assis, L.M.; Silveira, J.Q.; Barbosa, M.R. Avaliação antropométrica, ingestão alimentar e consumo de suplementos de atletas e praticantes de Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) do município de Araraquara. Revista Brasileira de Nutrição Esportiva. São Paulo. Vol. 9. Num. 51. 2015. p. 307-317.

Chaabène, H.; Tabben, M.; Mkaouer, B.; Franchini, E.; Negra, Y.; Hammami, M.; Amara, S.; Chaabène, R.B.; Hachana, Y. Amateur boxing: physical and physiological atributes. Sports Medicine. Vol. 45. Num. 3. 2015. p.337-352.

Costa, P.C.T.; Lima, J.S.; Teixeira, L.J.M.; Pereira, R.J.; Pereira, F.O. Características antropométricas, perfil dietético e balanço nitrogenado de atletas de Jiu Jitsu brasileiro. Revista Brasileira de Nutrição Esportiva. São Paulo. Vol. 13. Num. 78. 2019. p. 174-181.

Cunningham, J.J. A reanalysis of the factors influencing basal metabolic rate in normal adults. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Vol. 33. Num. 11. 1980. p. 2372-2374.

Franchini, E.; Del Vecchio, F.B. Estudos em modalidades esportivas de combate: estado da arte.Revista Brasileira de Educação Física e Esporte. Vol. 25. 2011. p.67-81.

IOM. Institute National of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes: Applications in Dietary Assessment. Washington DC: National Academy Press.2000.

IOM. Institute National of Medicine. Dietary reference intakes for energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein, and amino acids. Washington DC: National Academy Press.2005.

Jackson, A.S.; Pollock, M.L. Generalized equations for predicting body density of men. The British Journal of Nutrition. Vol. 40. Num. 3. 1978. p. 497-504.

Jeukendrup, A.E. Periodized Nutrition for Athletes.Sports Medicine.Vol. 47. Suppl. 1. 2017. p.51-63.

Kerksick, C.M.; Arent, S.; Schoenfeld, B.J.; Stout, J.R.; Campbell, B.; Wilborn, C.D.; Taylor, L.; Kalman, D.; Smith-Ryan, A.E.; Kreider, R.B.; Willoughby, D.; Arciero, P.J.; VanDusseldorp, T.A.; Ormsbee, M.J.; Wildman, R.; Greenwood, M.; Ziegenfuss, T.N.; Aragon, A.A.; Antonio, J.International society of sports nutrition position stand: nutrient timing.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. Vol. 14. 2017. p. 33

Lohman, T.G.; Roche, A.F.; Martorell, R. Anthropometric standardization reference manual. Illinois: Human Kinetics Books.1988. 90p.

Noh, J.W.; Kim, J.H.; Kim, M.Y.; Lee, J.U.; Lee, L.K.; Park, B.S.; Yang, S.M.; Jeon, H.J.; Lee, W.D.; Kwak, T.Y.; Jang, S.H.; Lee, T.H.; Kim, J.Y.; Kim, J. Somatotype analysis of elite boxing athletes compared with nonathletes for sports physiotherapy. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. Vol. 26. Num. 8. 2014. p. 1231-1235.

Perón, A.P.O.N.; Garcia, L.S.; Alvarez, J.F.G.; Filho, W.Z.; Silva, A.W. Perfil nutricional de boxeadores olímpicos e avaliação do impacto da intervenção nutricional no ajuste de peso para as categorias de lutas.O Mundo da Saúde. São Paulo. Vol. 33. Num. 3. 2009. p. 352-357.

Reale, R.; Burke, L.M.; Cox, G.R.; Slater, G. Body composition of elite Olympic combat sport athletes. European Journal of Sport Science. Vol. 20. Num. 2. 2020. p. 147-156.

Romcy, D.M.L.; Rodrigues, A.L.P.; Silva, C.A.; Palacio, D.Q.A.; Silva, I.A. Perfil da ingestão de macronutrientes em atletas de Jiu-Jitsu: estudo comparativo entre o período pré-competitivo e o período normal de treino. Revista Brasileira de Prescrição e Fisiologia do Exercício. São Paulo. Vol. 12. Num. 79. 2019. p. 1023-1028.

Siri, W.E. Body composition from fluid spaces and density analysis of methods. In: Brozek J, Henschel A. Techniques for measuring body composition. Washington, National Academy of Sciences.1961.

Stecker, R.A.; Harty, P.S.; Jagim, A.R.; Candow, D.G.; Kerksick, C.M. Timing of ergogenic aids and micronutrients on muscle and exercise performance. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. Vol. 16. Num. 1. 2019. p. 37.

Stokes, T.; Hector, A.J.; Morton, R.W.; McGlory, C.; Phillips, S.M. Recent Perspectives Regarding the Role of Dietary Protein for the Promotion of Muscle Hypertrophy with Resistance Exercise Training.Nutrients. Vol. 10. Num. 2. 2018. p. 180.

Thomas, D.T.; Erdman, K.A.; Burke, L.M. American College of Sports Medicine Joint Position Statement. Nutrition and Athletic Performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. Vol. 48. Num. 3. 2016. p. 543-568.

WHO. World Health Organization. Physical status: the use and interpretation of anthropometry. Genebra. 1995. 452p. (Technical Report Series No. 854).

WHO. World Health Organization. Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO consultation on obesity. Genebra. 2000. 253p. (Technical Report Series, No.894).

WHO. World Health Organization. Diet and nutrition report and prevention of chronic disease. Genebra.2003. 148 p. (Technical Report Series No. 916).

WHO. World Health Organization. Fats and Fatty Acids in Human Nutrition: from the Joint FAOWHO Expert Consultation. Genebra.2008.

Zandoná, B.A.; Macedo, A.C.G.; Oliveira, C.S.; Perin, S.C.; Alves, R.C.; Smolarek, A.C.; Junior, T.P.S.; Navarro, A.C. Consequências da rápida redução de peso corporal em atletas de esportes de combate e a importância da nutrição: uma revisão. Revista Brasileira de Nutrição Esportiva. São Paulo. Vol. 12. Num. 70. 2018. p. 143-159.

-Zonta, F.S.C.; Bergozza, F.C.B.; Liberali, R. Perfil dietético e antropométrico de atletas de Judô de uma equipe do Oeste Catarinense. Revista Brasileira de Nutrição Esportiva. São Paulo. Vol. 5. Num. 28. 2011. p. 276-284.

Published
2021-07-17
How to Cite
Mendes, M. D., Malaquias, G. B., & Souza, M. L. R. de. (2021). Evaluation of body composition and food profile in boxing athletes. RBNE - Brazilian Journal of Sports Nutrition, 15(90), 36-48. Retrieved from https://www.rbne.com.br/index.php/rbne/article/view/1807
Section
Scientific Articles - Original