Effect of polyunsaturated fatty acid omega-3 (ω-3) engaged in physical activity: a systematic review

Abstract

The omega 3 fatty acid has been investigated in physically active due to its anti - inflammatory caused by decreased synthesis of potent chemical mediators of inflammation derived from arachidonic acid action, prostaglandin E2, thromboxane A2, prostacyclin and leukotriene B4 and reduce the oxidative effects resulting from an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants compounds in favor of excessive generation of free radicals or over speed removal of those promoted by strenuous exercise. Thus, the aim of this work was to observe and point through a systematic review, the polyunsaturated fatty acid Omega 3 has effect on the performance and physically active performance. A systematic review included 21 original national and international articles published since 1998 was performed. Experimental studies were analyzed both in humans and in animals differed supplementation protocol and duration of the experiments. Most studies showed that supplementation of omega 3 fatty acid showed positive results regarding the lipoprotein metabolism, reduced plasma concentrations of cholesterol, decrease of inflammatory pathway, enhances the action of insulin, mood, reactivity and efficiency in post-exercise. The findings in the studies indicate that supplementation of omega 3, done properly, can exert ergogenic effects and improve the performance of physically active.