Composición corporal, ingesta nutricional y actividad física en jugadoras de fútbol sala: perspectivas desde un estudio de caso en Portugal

  • Ricardo Santos CIFI2D - Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, Faculdade de Desporto, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
  • Carla Gonçalves RISE-Health, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal; CITAB - Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-food Production (Inov4Agro), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal; EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública - Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Palabras clave: Jugadores, Fútbol sala, Nutrición deportiva, Estado nutricional

Resumen

El futsal es un deporte intermitente de alta intensidad que impone importantes exigencias físicas y fisiológicas a los atletas, lo que hace que la interacción entre la nutrición y la actividad física sea crucial para el rendimiento, la recuperación y la salud. A pesar de la creciente participación de las mujeres en el futsal, los datos sobre su estado nutricional y composición corporal siguen siendo escasos, especialmente en Portugal. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la ingesta dietética a partir de registros de alimentos, la composición corporal y los niveles de actividad física en jugadoras sénior de futsal. Dieciocho jugadoras semiprofesionales de futsal fueron evaluadas para parámetros antropométricos y de composición corporal (índice de masa corporal, masa muscular, grasa corporal), niveles de actividad física (cuestionario IPAQ) e ingesta dietética (tres días). La ingesta de nutrientes se comparó con las recomendaciones actuales de nutrición deportiva y también se evaluó la baja disponibilidad energética (LEA). Los resultados revelaron ingestas subóptimas de carbohidratos, fibra y micronutrientes críticos, como calcio, hierro, magnesio y vitamina D. Se identificó AEI en el 16,7% de las participantes, lo que sugiere posibles riesgos para la salud. A pesar de los altos niveles de actividad física, la ingesta nutricional a menudo se encontraba por debajo de las recomendaciones específicas para cada deporte, lo que resalta la importancia de las estrategias nutricionales personalizadas para satisfacer las necesidades específicas de las jugadoras de futsal, abordar las deficiencias dietéticas, optimizar la composición corporal y mitigar los riesgos para la salud asociados con una ingesta nutricional inadecuada y un IAE adecuado. Los resultados respaldan el desarrollo de directrices basadas en la evidencia para mejorar la salud, el rendimiento y la condición física de las atletas de futsal.

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Publicado
2025-10-21
Cómo citar
Santos, R., & Gonçalves, C. (2025). Composición corporal, ingesta nutricional y actividad física en jugadoras de fútbol sala: perspectivas desde un estudio de caso en Portugal. RBNE - Revista Brasileña De Nutrición Deportiva, 19(118), 540-551. Recuperado a partir de https://www.rbne.com.br/index.php/rbne/article/view/2524
Sección
Artículos Científicos - Original