Body composition, nutritional intake, and physical activity in female futsal players - insights from a Portuguese case-study

Ricardo Santos; Carla Gonçalves

Ricardo Santos CIFI2D - Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, Faculdade de Desporto, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Carla Gonçalves RISE-Health, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal; CITAB - Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-food Production (Inov4Agro), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal; EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública - Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Parole chiave: Giocatori, Futsal, Nutrizione sportiva, Stato nutrizionale

Abstract

Il futsal è uno sport ad alta intensità e intermittente che impone notevoli richieste fisiche e fisiologiche agli atleti, rendendo l'interazione tra nutrizione e attività fisica cruciale per le prestazioni, il recupero e la salute. Nonostante la crescente partecipazione delle donne al futsal, i dati sul loro stato nutrizionale e sulla composizione corporea rimangono scarsi, in particolare in Portogallo. Questo studio mirava a valutare l'apporto alimentare tramite diari alimentari, composizione corporea e livelli di attività fisica in giocatrici di futsal senior. Diciotto giocatrici di futsal semi-professioniste sono state valutate per parametri antropometrici e di composizione corporea (indice di massa corporea, massa muscolare, grasso corporeo), livelli di attività fisica (questionario IPAQ) e apporto alimentare (tre giorni). L'apporto nutrizionale è stato confrontato con le attuali raccomandazioni nutrizionali sportive ed è stata valutata anche la bassa disponibilità energetica (LEA). I risultati hanno rivelato assunzioni subottimali di carboidrati, fibre e micronutrienti essenziali, tra cui calcio, ferro, magnesio e vitamina D. L'AEI è stata identificata nel 16,7% delle partecipanti, suggerendo potenziali rischi per la salute. Nonostante gli elevati livelli di attività fisica, l'apporto nutrizionale era spesso inferiore alle raccomandazioni specifiche per ogni sport, evidenziando l'importanza di strategie nutrizionali personalizzate per supportare le esigenze specifiche delle giocatrici di futsal, affrontare le carenze alimentari, ottimizzare la composizione corporea e mitigare i rischi per la salute associati a un apporto nutrizionale inadeguato e all'AEI. I risultati supportano lo sviluppo di linee guida basate sull'evidenza per migliorare la salute, le prestazioni e la forma fisica delle atlete di futsal.

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Composizione corporea, apporto nutrizionale e attività fisica nelle giocatrici di futsal: prospettive da uno studio di caso in Portogallo

Abstract

Riferimenti bibliografici